Rigidez: Fidelidade ou Heterodoxia?
por Pedro Gabriel
“Porque é que o Papa Francisco está sempre a criticar os católicos fiéis?” é uma pergunta frequentemente repetida sempre que o Santo Padre faz uma das suas habituais invectivas contra a rigidez religiosa. De facto, Francisco fez dessas denúncias uma marca do seu pontificado. Mas o que é que ele quer dizer com “rigidez”? Estará a atacar verdadeiramente os católicos fiéis? Estará a promover o laxismo moral e religioso?
Neste livro, Pedro Gabriel pretende clarificar os ensinamentos do Papa Francisco sobre a rigidez, relacionando-os com certas palavras-chave que surgem repetidamente nas suas intervenções. Procura também falsificar a ideia de que um católico é fiel por ser rígido, explorando exaustivamente precedentes na história da Igreja em que a rigidez nem sempre impediu os fiéis de caírem na heterodoxia. Finalmente, Gabriel explica como evitar a rigidez não implica necessariamente o extremo oposto do laxismo.
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TESTEMUNHOS
Pedro Gabriel oferece-nos um livro maravilhoso sobre uma “Igreja em saída”, um apelo à educação de uma personalidade cristã flexível, mas com uma espinha dorsal forte. Descobre na fé não um obstáculo à plenitude da vida humana, mas um caminho – não só para a vida eterna, mas também para uma vida cem vezes mais humana aqui na terra.” – Do “Prefácio”, de Rocco Buttiglione, Membro da Pontifícia Academia das Ciências Sociais e da Pontifícia Academia de São Tomás
“Pedro Gabriel escreveu um livro verdadeiramente brilhante, não só pelo seu estilo legível, mas sobretudo pelo seu conteúdo pertinente. Rigidez: Rigidez:Fidelidade ou Heterodoxia? não é um mero exercício de apologética católica, mas um verdadeiro caminho educativo para aqueles de nós que precisam de redescobrir as razões para viver plenamente ‘a liberdade gloriosa dos filhos de Deus’ (Rm 8,21). O novo livro de Pedro Gabriel ajuda-nos, sem dúvida, a desintoxicar a vida cristã das frequentes tentações laxistas e rigoristas, tão populares e tão enganadoras no mundo atual. Nada mais oportuno para viver a fé com maturidade e equilíbrio seguindo os ensinamentos do Evangelho em comunhão com o Sucessor de Pedro.” – Rodrigo Guerra, Secretário da Pontifícia Comissão para a América Latina e Professor da Pontifícia Universidade Lateranense
“O Dr. Pedro Gabriel, aclamado pelos seus premiados livros A Ortodoxia de Amoris Laetitia e Heresia Disfarçada de Tradição, é um dos maiores especialistas no estilo e no ensino do Papa Francisco. Na sua última obra, Rigidez: Fidelidadeou Heterodoxia, ele baseia-se na sua pesquisa anterior, expandindo o que o Papa vê como um equívoco fundamental e irónico do significado da Tradição entre os autoproclamados tradicionalistas. Fá-lo através de uma análise das atitudes que daí decorrem, melhor entendidas como rigidez e indietrismo (atraso). O Dr. Gabriel, na sua forma cativante, desafia os leitores a reavaliarem se compreenderam verdadeiramente o significado da exortação de S. Paulo para “permanecerem firmes e manterem as tradições que vos foram ensinadas” (2 Tess. 2:15 RSVCE), e exorta-os a reflectirem de forma justa sobre as preocupações do Papa Francisco sem recorrerem à defensiva ou a reacções irreflectidas. Baseando-se na auto-compreensão da Igreja sobre a fidelidade à Tradição, talvez melhor expressa no parágrafo 100 do Catecismo da Igreja Católica e no parágrafo 8 da Dei Verbum , o Dr. Gabriel oferece uma abordagem mais segura, abrangente e prática para navegar nas aparentes tensões entre o Magistério e a Revelação Divina do que, sem dúvida, a maioria dos tradicionalistas está familiarizada. Através de um exame meticuloso das heresias históricas, da tradição da ética da virtude de Aristóteles e Aquino, e dos ensinamentos dos papas, tanto pré como pós-conciliares, o Dr. Gabriel navega habilmente pelas complexidades da rigidez, do rigorismo e da escrupulosidade que daí resulta, para conduzir os leitores a uma maior liberdade em Cristo, pois “o Senhor é o Espírito, e onde está o Espírito do Senhor, aí há liberdade”. (2 Cor. 3:17).” — Andrew Likoudis, Editor, The Divine Primacy of the Bishop of Rome and Modern Eastern Orthodoxy, Membro Associado, Fellowship of Catholic Scholars
“Muitos católicos conservadores e tradicionais ficam ofendidos com as advertências do Papa Francisco sobre a rigidez. Acreditam que ele está a associar a fidelidade à rigidez. Pedro Gabriel mostra que isso é um completo mal-entendido das preocupações do Santo Padre. O Papa Francisco está, na verdade, a defender a autêntica tradição católica, que procura o meio-termo entre laxismo e rigidez. Nesta obra tão necessária, Gabriel faz um levantamento histórico dos vários grupos da história católica que criticaram a Igreja imoral e laxista, ao mesmo tempo que se afirmavam verdadeiros, puros e autênticos seguidores do Evangelho. Ao longo da sua história, a Igreja Católica resistiu a vários grupos rigoristas, como os judaizantes, os novacianistas, os donatistas, os espiritualistas e os jansenistas. Gabriel não afirma que os católicos rígidos de hoje possam ser identificados exatamente com qualquer um destes movimentos heréticos. No entanto, nota certas semelhanças, especialmente na tendência comum de acreditar que a Igreja institucional é corrupta ou mal orientada e que o seu próprio movimento representa a verdadeira fé. Gabriel não só explora a história dos movimentos rigoristas, como também fornece uma compreensão autêntica do que o Papa Francisco quer dizer com as formas actuais de pelagianismo e gnosticismo. Na minha opinião, Pedro Gabriel compreende o Papa Francisco muito melhor do que os críticos papais. Ele mostra que o Santo Padre é um filho fiel da Igreja, mergulhado na tradição católica de Agostinho, Aquino e Liguori – uma tradição marcada pelo equilíbrio, misericórdia e discernimento.” – Robert Fastiggi, Ph.D. Professor de Teologia Dogmática, Seminário Maior do Sagrado Coração, Detroit, Michigan
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Pedro Gabriel é o autor de A Ortodoxia de Amoris Laetitia e Heresia Disfarçada de Tradição. É também um dos co-fundadores o website de apologética “Where Peter Is.” Atualmente, está a frequentar aulas de teologia moral na Pontifícia Universidade da Santa Cruz. É também médico oncologista, jornalista na Internet e escritor de romances católicos.
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